energy and raw material per unit of GDP has been going down for a few decades (basically digital economy is more resource efficient). Sorry I don't have a citation handy.
Your other assumption is we are going to stay on one planet, which I don't think is true. We will consume asteroids + resources on other planets when it is economically viable to do so.
Also, the economy doesn't permanently "use up" earth's resources (other than a few exceptions that are fixed like land or go through a 1 way process like uranium). Water, wood, food, etc are all renewable resources. Even Petroleum might not be as finite as we currently think it is (https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=...)
Your other assumption is we are going to stay on one planet, which I don't think is true. We will consume asteroids + resources on other planets when it is economically viable to do so.
Also, the economy doesn't permanently "use up" earth's resources (other than a few exceptions that are fixed like land or go through a 1 way process like uranium). Water, wood, food, etc are all renewable resources. Even Petroleum might not be as finite as we currently think it is (https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=...)