" American interests are best served when corporations (Microsoft in this case) are as efficient as possible."
That simply doesn't pan out. It is in the capital-owner's best interest when their holdings operate as efficiently as possible. Most americans are not capital-holders.
Look again at how your pension fund is invested. Most americans have an interest in the stock market (Exxon, GE, Walmart, and index funds are particularly polular among large pension funds like CALPERS). Furthermore, all Americans are capital holders in the sense that they own (some) US dollars which can be used to buy from the US economy. If the economy becomes more efficient, they can buy more and therefore, are aided by the increased efficiency. That is, until the dollar is devalued even more.
Since (I imagine) that you advocate free movement of capital & free trade, it really doesn't make sense to point to Americans making up losses as consumers and/or investors. Unless the 'loss' is pretty negligible, which I don't think you can really argue.
The theoretical replaced workers themselves are worse off. They are in less demand & lost their theoretical job. If you assumed they made the best decision for themselves & that was MS, then taking that option off the table disadvantages them.
Since trade & investment are relatively free while immigration is relatively restricted, investors & consumers are international citizens while employees are Americans. The US is huge, so that's obscured. But try to think of this from the perspective of a European mid-size State.
*Anyway, I agree with your overall point. Economic arguments against immigration are equivalent to economic arguments against trade or investment. The losses are local & very visible. The gains while greater, are international & often hidden. There is a net gain & it is spread around by reciprocation.
Since immigration is so restricted today, the greatest 'free' market gains to be made are through freeing immigration, not investment or trade.
I don't have a pension and I don't invest all that much money in the US stock market. I am perfectly happy to invest in other countries and changes to US corporate law would have little impact on my finances.
So Americans enjoy no better standing than Canadians, whose pensions funds such as CPP also invest heavily in the US stock market, and Salvadorans, who run their economy in US dollars?
Pension fund? Oh, you mean that ponzi scheme of Social Security?
Also, most Americans are in more debt than they have assets. They are not capital holders. Don't conflate holding some currency with controlling the means of production.
That simply doesn't pan out. It is in the capital-owner's best interest when their holdings operate as efficiently as possible. Most americans are not capital-holders.