> citizens of India can receive Social Security benefits with 10 years of work.

This is about exceptions to the rule preventing payments outside the United States after 6 months, and is based on more than 10 years of work by the qualified worker.

But the actual worker needs to be a citizen or a legal permanent resident (“green card” holder) [0] to be eligible to either receive benefits themselves or have dependents receive benefits based on their eligibility.

[0] Actually, there’s a few other categories like certain refugees and asylees, but not, general dual-intent non-immigrant visa holders (like H-1B workers.)

Do you have a source?

I think you're confusing Supplemental Security Income (SSI) with Social Security retirement benefits. Those are two different things.

I genuinely did not know this. Thanks for sharing!

Can the person be Non-US citizen?

Yes, the whole point of this list is for non-US citizens. The following brochure provides more details (see in particular page 4 and pages 7-8).

https://www.ssa.gov/pubs/EN-05-10137.pdf

Again, note this is about payments for people who have qualified for them either as a qualified worker or as a dependent of one while the recipient is outside of the United States, it is not about the status required to be the worker on the basis of whose eligibility payments are made.

Those are two completely different issues.