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Ask HN: U.S. Health insurance during lean, solo, self-funded startup?
3 points by anonym29 on March 30, 2023 | hide | past | favorite | 4 comments
Hi YC. I am preparing to leave my cozy big tech job making good money with fantastic benefits to start my own business in my line of work (security consulting). I'm very comfortable with the work itself, the process of attracting clients, the scoping and CYA/legal paperwork and liability insurance, preparing and delivering the reports, forming the legal entity and paying applicable fees to the state government using their website, generally all aspects of the business.

This will be a self-funded business with an extremely long runway (in a good and contractually stable living situation with my childhood/teenage/adult best friend, paying virtually nothing in rent (percentage of net income up to a limit)) - this is a stable situation with extremely synchronized understanding of responsibilities of each party. To be clear, I am living on less than $500/mo, and my investments provide more than this, with rock-solid monthly cash distributions around $1100/mo.

My question is about insurance. Given my operating income of ~$600/mo after expenses (very little taxation at this income level), I am concerned about the cost of health coverage and am wondering if any other founders / small business owners have dealt with similar situations.

I have found healthcare.gov plans with ~$250-$300/mo premiums. I'm young and healthy and have a great doctor who refills my single generic prescription visiting her just once a year. Even w/o insurance, my annual costs are less than the monthly premiums of what healthcare.gov offers. I really just want catastrophic coverage where I pay ideally $XX/mo, have an $XX,XXX annual out of pocket max & deductible, but that doesn't appear to be an option in my state's healthcare.gov program.

Has anyone found a solution for this? Are there umbrella insurance policies that cover some crazy rare medical issues with six digit bills? Am I going to be eligible for Medicaid with considerable assets but extremely little income (until I start having revenue rolling in) in an HCOL area? I know some tax credits are available for the $250-$300/mo healthcare.gov plans for low income folks, but that'll come as a tax credit once a year and thus I'll still be cutting my operating income in half, if I'm even eligible for it (again, six figures worth of assets).

What have fellow HN'ers in similar situations done, and what would HN'ers in such a situation do, barring "stay at the comfy big tech job"?



I bought the highest-deductible plan I could get through my state's marketplace. Funding that is part of a minimum runway; if you can't fund that, then you don't actually have an extremely long runway :-) Find a way to afford it, even if that means finding one consulting contract before leaving your job.

Regarding:

> I really just want catastrophic coverage where I pay ideally $XX/mo, have an $XX,XXX annual out of pocket max & deductible, but that doesn't appear to be an option in my state's healthcare.gov program.

… in most states, the marketplace includes plans with $5k-$10k deductibles and out-of-pocket annual max of about 2x that. For a non-smoker under 40, the premium will probably be $250-$400 (depends on age, area cost of living).

That's the viable version of the plan you described.

There's 2 main reasons that no plans offer something like a $25,000 deductible and $50,000 out-of-pocket max:

1. State insurance commissioners and the ACA require certain minimum coverage. For example, the ACA requires https://www.insurance.wa.gov/what-health-insurance-plans-mus... and Washington State requires https://www.insurance.wa.gov/benefits-health-plans-must-cove.... Some of these require certain paid coverage levels regardless of deductible; for example, the ACA requires most preventative care be covered without out-of-pocket costs.

2. Increasing the deductible and out of pocket max significantly (say, $25k/$50k instead of $6k/$12k) doesn't decrease the insurer's total costs all that much. For plans with $5k+ deductibles and $10k+ limits, the insurer's major cost is six-figure treatments, and the insurer will be responsible for those either way. Just to use hypothetical numbers, raising the plan limits 4x might decrease the premium by 20%. Most of the cost is either item #1 above or really expensive treatments, not care that costs $6k-$25k.


First of all, thank you for your wisdom here.

Second, to clarify, I can afford the insurance premiums with operating investment income alone, without touching my principal, I'd just rather not spend half my operating income on monthly insurance premiums that exceed my typical annual total healthcare costs. Frankly, it's frustrating that I even need a prescription at all for my medication. It's for a stable, lifelong, uncurable but minor condition. The medicine does not build tolerance or dependence, has zero recreational use, and is not even a component for any kind of recreational drugs. ~90% of my regular annual healthcare costs is my once-a-year doc visit that my doctor requires in order to renew my $3/mo prescription, but that's besides the point.

Demographic is under 30 nonsmoker, for whatever that info is worth in evaluating this.

I can always delay my departure from my current employer, push come to shove. This will be a resignation, not a layoff / fired type of situation, which I am grateful for. Sounds like that's option 1 for expanding operating income.


You're welcome. That makes sense. Here's one way to approach this: separate from your current principal and investment income, save some money that you do intentionally spend through in the first 6 months or so. Think of this as a transition fund.

It seems like right now you're trying to make the investment income fund everything, but it doesn't need to. Your income from the new consulting company will be lowest when you start, so give yourself 6+ months of cushion that you actually expect to spend. If you go 6-12 months and have spent the transition fund without finding new income/consulting clients, then you can go into the "ramen mode" as needed.

In practice, that doesn't seem like an actual situation: if you go 6-12 months without bringing in at least a few thousand dollars a month in client work, then do something else - don't keep going in ramen mode. That something else might be finding a partner who is good at sales. Either you have a viable consulting business after 6-12 months, or you don't and should do something else :) There's not really a case where the investment income needs to fund all your expenses indefinitely.


That's a really good idea. I'm pretty frugal and prefer to not deplete my personal capital at all (as opposed to reinvesting business-derived income back in the business, which I'm fine with), but I'm also fairly confident that I'll be able to land several clients in the first year. If there's any situation that does justify expending capital, that transitionary period in the first few months is it!

Again, thank you for your wisdom! It is greatly appreciated.




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