5 is not quite right. According to the article, your melanoma risk does rise with sun exposure, but for some reason that is not explained, you are substantially less likely to die from it if you have more sun exposure. The article does not clarify how much the incidence increases though, and whether it offsets the 8-fold decrease in mortality.
I thought the article mentioned early on that the issue are sunburns. If for example you are a pastry, white person usually hacking indoors and then you suddenly go on vacation in the Caribbean and are in the sun without protection or adjustment period, that's a problem. If on the other hand you get a reasonable amount of sunlight year around that's what supposedly leads to better health outcome.
