Thanks! I was looking at [1] and wasn't sure if those were binaries.

That's perfect then. Install GCC, compilers, build headers etc via `sudo apt-get install build-essential` when necessary. So this should be the same general approach as on Alpine.

[1]: https://pastebin.ubuntu.com/26506363/

libgcc_s.so.1 is a collection of utility routines used by all sorts of programs. The entry named "gcc" is a directory (that contains only empty directories?). /usr/share/gcc-7/python/libstdcxx/ is from the libstdc++6 package (looks like gdb pretty-printers for C++ standard library types).