Business is Fun (Vendel, Goldberg) is part one of hopefully a multipart, incredibly researched, history of the company.

https://www.amazon.com/Atari-Inc-Business-Curt-Vendel/dp/098...

The ANTIC podcast also has some absolutely incredible interviews with folks form the era: https://ataripodcast.libsyn.com/

"Racing the Beam" is a more technical analysis of some of the early Atari platform development for the VCS/2600. This platform was Atari's cash cow and they failed to really pivot away from it. https://www.amazon.com/Racing-Beam-Computer-Platform-Studies...

These are probably good starting points.